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/Width 748 often can't match it. An end fed antenna consists of a wire fed on its end, the length of that wire is not resonant with any frequency or frequencies you will be using it on. Thanks for your answer,I will probably go with the 9:1 then. License Study Theme designed by Papathemes. Coverutilizes integralneoprene gasket for weatherproof integrity. Turns 1 & 2 are primary windings (the short wire). Built with the same craftsmanship as all our other For those that enjoy endfed antennas but want to run more power, Balun Designs now offers an excellent alternative. Tweak the antenna length if necessary and then maybe adjust the turns ratio again. This is to avoid the antenna radiator from acting like a resistor, and thus instead of radiating radiofrequency energy produced by the transmitter, sending it back down the coax toward the transmitter. x][~ XwiH:99gn`1-wz;n[VbW7JH4D]>}>y/D_^7,yyx}s*nveo>mn|6k7GMY4%" M)?O|'opw8o1\5JNe:9hTc5@Ik~aE%O^0$ 0E 'BX2?R!t&^E"3oqbW |${boEU>jU:]bQW?4,
u1'^`oQ_4E 0~y L^'y}-RHV8L KSZ?mF4lTv'r^mF|":e}?VdTm7bGR]PchDpb*{*HGJ-m)bC!EX"iM%8L7O7-=jcn+D{_' I HH~v70J^9$.7m]knq)L(UQ%OrK:nn!8*EP Use a slide rule! the program as I did, above, for my K1. /ColorSpace 11 0 R There probably should be some holes for ventilation. program or two to do all the dirty work. Start winding the toroid with the twisted wires at loop #1 (see schematic below). Here's a list of recommended lengths of wire to use with a 9:1 unun. Attaching a counterpoise wire to the common point of the auto-transformer provides the antenna radiator something to push against rather than the coax shield. You also want the antenna to be at least 1/4 wavelength long for each band you plan to use. Its really an impedance transformer (9:1) to feed a high impedance, end fed (unbalanced) random wire which is likely to be a few hundred ohms, and transform it into something closer to a 50 (unbalanced) coaxial input, hence UnUn. I connected the free twisted end of the short and long wires (the ground) the chassis wire (ground) of my homemade testing jig with alligator clip. REVISED: 16 19 22 26 32 33 38 44 46 48 52 64 65 66 76 78 80 88 92 95 96 99 104 110 112 114 123 128 130 132 133 138 144 152 154 156 160 165 171 176 182 184 190 192 195 198 208 209 220 224 228 230 231 234 240 242 246 247 256 260 264 266 272 276 285 286 288 297 304 308 312 320 322 323 325 330 336 338 342 352 361 363 364 366 368 369 374 380 384 390 396 399 400 414 416 418 429 432 437 440 442 448 455 456 460 462 464 468 475 480 484 494 495 496. All you need for a random wire antenna is some wire, your tuner, one or more supports up as high as you can get them to string the wire from the supports to the tuner, at least one or two insulatorsand a little time. j#f5(fk0?P[polEo5b2-/oVZu1Qo-I6C/M@TbddPc#cdZZ|7+|o{}!F#?Go7ju|?wwgow/c2/W-m~~hn[S29OU}}r7lc]wsw[shS[#qbrrK[7*0,Xv{k+o {=*vo S__O~*=y/zk75O?yjCnXS{`~Ii'c_GxN. transmit frequency the impedance is so high that tuners in most rigs One single wire, no solder connections,very simple.all the way from the tuner to the end support. The table below represents half wave lengths and multiples that you DO NOT WANT TO USE! IMG_2.jpg Step 2: Take the 6 feet of 18 gauge enameled copper wire, measure 11" from one end and fold it back. So is an essential piece of gear to have. The free end of the untwisted portion of the long wire (past the 14th winding) will be secured to this bolt as well on the inside of the box, while the radiator will be secured to it on the outside. The Short Answer Would Be That an UnUn Is a "UN balanced to UN balanced" matching transformer. Lengths for Long-wire Antennas Jack - VE3EED Recommended lengths: 29 - 35.5 - 41 - 58 - 71 - 84 - 107 - 119 - 148 - 203 - 347 - 407 - 423 Not recommended lengths: 16 - 19 - 22 - 26 - 32 - 33 - 38 - 44 - 46 - 48 - 52 - 64 - 65 - 66 - 76 Contact Balun Designs. An excellent way to attach a long wire antenna to the Ham It Up, this 1:9 balun has an SMA output port and high-quality spring-type terminal block input for your coax. I imported my spools from the US, but I have seen them on Ebay in the UK. Change the program to use 423 if desired.) Technical specification : Type : 49:1 Unun Frequency : 1.81 MHz - 30MHz Impedance ratio: 1:49 Input Impedance: 50 Output Impedance: 2500 Power Handling (CW/SSB) : 250W Core Type : 1x FT240-43 by Fair-rite Co. Capacitor 100pF 3KV Assembled and tested. I did not want to put the transformer in the housing until I tested it. The QRP End-Fed Half-Wave Antenna 49:1 Transformer Building a great impedance transformer for Ham Radio end-fed wire antennas. In other 40-30-20-17. This antenna, which works on 10, 15, 20, and 40 meters, has a very high impedance of around 2,500 Ohms. Advertising Info (Also check out AB3AP'Swebsite and say thanks for sharing his skills. stream /Title (Wire-Lengths-for-9-1-ununs.pdf) uR5ucE`_aksLjYT=hzRa]JucX7d}|'}`XRa>X Because I had some spare Cu-Wire I wound another 1:49 Unun on a smaller FT-140-43 toroid and tried different capacitors between feedline and ground (to compensate for the 10m band). He was so impressed that he purchased a 9:1 unit from you, his will be delivered Saturday. 1 0 obj
Update guys:made the unun,the antenna was extended to about 37m length,and I added a counterpoise which is about 10m.The whole thing is much higher in the air,compared to where it was before. Superior Essex Heavy build polyamideimide. I have used the 49.2 ft (15 Meter) length of wire on vacation with both automatic tuners and an MFJ Model 16010 tuner with good results for 40, 20, 17, and 15 Meter operation. Best SWR was . 40-10m with a 49:1 Unun. You have to stay away from a half wavelength on any frequency. >> 59 0 obj
<>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<81C501BAF3AD19DF6B2122F37F15AF84>]/Index[25 50]/Info 24 0 R/Length 149/Prev 898971/Root 26 0 R/Size 75/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream
Having the option to switch rapidly between 49:1 and 64:1 should prove to be a really nice feature.. This article details the construction of the transformer. Y &lD30. You will also need a half-wavelength length of wire (14 or 12 gauge typically) in order to construct an antenna radiator for whichever ham band you choose. Modify bands and endobj Use with other lengths can potentially damage the transformer depending on power level in use. /* Ad banner 160 x 600 */
This is a followup video to #344 where I assembled the 49:1 UNUN kit from HF-Kits / ARRL. Beginning from the 3rd band from the left, the vertical blue lines are: 160M, 80M, 60M, 40M, 30M, 20M, 17M, 15M, 12M, (11M), and 10M bands. /Height 752 The counterpoise wire, This transformer is designed to be used with an end fed, Approx. /Type /Pages AndWhat Is It Used For In Antennas? /ModDate (D:20221212112042) Free Postage. endobj
I connected the free untwisted end of the short wire to the center conductor of my homemade testing jig (see tools list) with an alligator clip. At multiples of half wavelengths of the Enclosure Depth: 1.250 in. 5 0 obj UJM-49-1 $56.99 Save up to 6% when you buy more. 4 0 obj
unavailable, a random wire can save the day, but it is important to Here is an ARRL >> Do what works best! End fed 9:1 58ft wire and 17ft counterpose wire touching ground. My commercial EFHW is 130 feet long for 80 and up, and my 40 meter homebrew antenna is about . <>
Because I'm more visually oriented I then plotted the many overlapping "red zones" and ended up with the page at: There are so many new frequencies to stay away from, that it gets pretty tricky for the longer wires. Notice from column f that there is no length giving low impendance for wire to the UnUn "-" connector and then down to ground there it connects with the two other wires but neither the counterpoise nor the two other wires are connected to ground. , Most matching problems occur when the antenna system
Just an FYI that I thought you might be interested in. (QST, Oct 1926, "The Length of the << (Note: I am not satisfied with this part of the project, so I will describe it here briefly. 2 0 obj Tools and leave the unun on the ground. SWR will vary based on topography, wire orientation and use of ground or counterpoise. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>>
stream Twist the short and long wires together starting at an end of each wire. 40-30-20 . SSTV Lengths of a half-wave or multiple must be avoided. UNUN 9:1 or 4:1- 3kW ICAS This is is dual 9:1 and 4:1 UNUN used for popular "non-resonant" length END FED wire antennas or verticals like 27 or 43 feet. We'd really appreciate it! The major point of this message is to tell you that approximately 20 minutes after I connected the balun unit to the antenna, I made contact with a gentleman in Italy-my first European contact!! For best results, use the Wire Length Feet 1.8 MHz 3.7 MHz 5.3 MHz 7.1 MHz 10.1 MHz 14.2 MHz 18.1 MHz 21.2 MHz 24.9 MHz 28.5 MHz 50.1 MHz 35-43, 49-63, 70-85. <>
uR5I5z G^u2`j[}+sy9 I made one without doing this and it didn't work so well. For typical tuners built into a rig, You'll want to have that wire up as high as you can get.. doing the initial 468/f on C and D scales. Ham Satellites var sc_security="1df091cc". Work all bands from 80 through 10 on it. Please note that I will not be describing the construction of the antenna wire radiator here. Technical specification : Type : 49:1 Unun Frequency : 1.8 MHz - 7.3 MHz Turns ratio: 1:7 Impedance ratio: 1:49 Input Impedance: 50 Output Impedance: 2450 Power Handling (CW/SSB/ Digital Modes) : 2Kw of peak power / DM Modes 500 watts Core Type : 3 x FT240-43 by Fair-rite Co. Wire type: Enamel copper wire 2.0 mm (AWG 12) Assembled and tested. If you want a single band portable antenna you can mount pretty much however, look up this design. %PDF-1.4 I swept the VSWR of the unun and resistors as described from <1 to 55MHz. SEARCH The graph below shows lengths to avoid for different collections of bands. So, if you connect a length of wire that presents an impedance of about 450 to the input, you'll get an impedance of about 50 on the output. Antenna") is an 84' long end fed and a 17' long counterpoise (6.5' for 20m). x@ Windings are inserted into Teflon tubes increasingtotal breakdown to 10,000 volts. The graph below shows lengths to avoid for different collections of bands. 75/80 METER RESONATOR KIT FOR THE UJM-EFHW-40-10 200W 40-10m ANTENNA x 2 in. There are numerous configurations available online that will accomplish this on multiple bands (Google search "end fed half wave antennas"). It's an efficient way to get all the multiples You can take one of these 49:1 transformers and use the 468/freq (Mhz) formula to calculate the length you need in feet. Reading Room random wire should use 423/f. random wire page. Turns 1 through 14 are secondary windings (the long wire). So for example 80m could range in length from 120 to 133 feet. Bullet 50:450 (9:1) HF Unun, 1.8-61 MHz, 1500 Watts, End Fed Antennas. We hoisted the free end of the antenna wire approximately 30 feet into a tree. 9:1 Unun 1.5-54MHz 2kW 9132S. << google_ad_width = 160; Any SWR measurement taken with the transformer at the feedpoint should not exceed 1.5:1withNOtuner in use. >> NEMA rated 4x marine grade junction box for outdoor installations. endobj
", KiwiSDR Online Radio - 500 ft Northeast Beverage, KiwiSDR Online Radio - 400 ft South Beverage, KiwiSDR Online Radio - 10/11m dipole up 20 meters high. The kit includes the parts needed to construct a 49:1 impedance matching network, which will transform the impedance to 50 Ohms, which will suit most transceivers. Our Ask An Elmer panel discuss this question - what's the difference between matching units?Please consider using. As an example, a 28-31 foot wire will typically allow 40 thru 10 meter coverage and a 43-50 foot wire will provide access to 80 thru 10 meters. Computer Help endobj
presents an extremely high impedance to the tu You also 22.00 + 5.00 Postage. This Balun Designs unit is replacing an MFj 1982 HP EFHW balun that was DOA when it arrived last May. /Type /Catalog I say run what you got and don't worry about it. ), Note that Jack, VE3EED,went SK several years agohe will be missed. The following is a list of materials required to make a 49:1 unun impedance transformer for an end-fed half wave antenna. The unun was floating at about 15 feet above ground. The 49:1 unun with 3000 ohms of resistance shows a VSWR under 10:1 from 160M to 15M, and less than 3:1 from 80M to 20M. /Kids [ 4 0 R ] SO-239 connectors are silver plated with Teflon insulation. &nb This will be for an eyehook in order to provide strain relief for the radiator wire. It is important to use a counterpoise. The Short Answer Would Be That an UnUn Is a UN balanced to UN balancedmatching transformer. Anyway, an old friend mentioned 'MyAntenna.com' but they were closed for the summer. The "9:1 UNUN" are for random length wire antennas fed at the end. Performance is ASTOUNDING, far exceeding my expectations. A standard recommendation (see QST, March 1936, p. 32, "An Unorthodox A success! /Creator (XnView) 35-45, 54-64, 67-77. Some of these numbers are too close to squeeze in between them. Downward impedance transformation by factor of 49. ones <>>>
Custom mix low permeability ferrite by Fair Rite Products for maximum bandwidth. Kj8~q7c? For those that enjoy the LNR and Hy Endfed antennas, but want to run more power, Balun Designs now offers an excellent alternative. /Parent 3 0 R The most important length is one that is non-resonant on any band. This transformer is designed to be used with an end fed half wavelength of wire only. You have to give up a band or two, like 60m and 6m, as A few more comments about this 49:1 autotransformer EFHW design. %%EOF
Shortwave Listening Even easier than These dimensions were derived from modelling the antenna in EZNEC. Recommended wire lengths for Unun models 9130, 9132 & 9135 Table shows typical SWR relative to installed wire length. In stock . << So a 49:1 impedance transformer is needed to match the 50 ohms of the coax at the feed line. Note: My (A to B) length was 6 inches. The most common question I get asked is what is the correct length for my End Fed Long Wire Antenna? The Nelson antenna 9 to 1 unun did the trick. This undesired reflection of RF power back toward the transceiver is identified as a high voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR or SWR). EFHW unun Resonant Long Wire 49:1 Transformer With BNC or SO-239 | Mobile Phones & Communication, Radio Communication Equipment, Antennas | eBay! In theory, my LDG Z100 Plus autotuner should be capable of matching the impedance of this 49:1 transformer with a end-fed half wave length antenna radiator across all amateur HF bands. << Just add or subtract as needed a little at a time toget the best compromise. I have included a screenshot showing the stations that reported spotting my 200 mw beacon over the last 16 hours. a more capable tuner - see AA5TB's JavaScript is disabled. I took a literally random length of 14 gauge house wire and attached a banana plug to be shoved into the antenna port of the tuner. which got me thinking. I included the tools I used to analyze the transformer as well; this is only necessary if you are interested in analyzing your project. Odds are that most lengths are fine though, so the easiest solution is to pick a length based on something else (like, the room you have available) and if you get unlucky, roll the dice again. I will also find some sort of heat resistant packing material to help hold the transformer in place. /Resources << multiples, and of course different band combinations yield different Here are the final numbers (in my opinion) in green below that would be good for a long-wire antenna: (You may want to make a note of them), REVISED: 29 35.5 41 58 71 84 107 119 148 203 347 407 423, REVISION NOTE: We had a note from James, KB5YN, pointing out that one of my so-called GOOD numbers was 220 feet. He used 300 ohm twin-lead and a 4:1 UNUN, with a 1:1 current choke between the UNUN and the coax to the tuner and transceiver: The full-size "flimsy" (ref. Lowest Band of Operation: 160 meters Highest Band of Operation: 10 meters Additional Information LDG Electronics RU-9:1 Unun 10C) for the 10-80 m bands, or even 6-160 m: 17 ft (5.2 m) of twin-lead and 68 ft (20.7 m) of antenna wire (i.e., standard dimensions). END FED "RANDOM WIRE" HF DIPOLE 9:1 ANTENNA RELACEMENT ELEMENT ONLY $28.99 Save up to 6% when you buy more. While these lengths have been shown to work well on many bands, which The novel thing was that I only built it the day before and it uses a Coghlan camping washing line spool with the string taken off and about 21m of wire wound onto it. Super Bullet Features: - Uses proprietary broadband impedance transformer design for maximum bandwidth with SWR < 2 from 1.8-61 MHz for 1500 Watt model and 1.8-30 MHz for 3000 watt model A small ring terminal for 14ga wire that fits these screws would be helpful too. Wire lengths for the 4:1 ratio in models 4130, 4132, 4134, 4932 and 4935. About Batteries The First Thing New Hams Often Ask:What Is An UnUn? Here they are in order: , Reprinted with permission of Hamuniverse, this is an excellent explanation of SWR and how to best me are blocked out because an antenna should be at least that long. Some important and helpful references I used for this work: https://elginradio.wordpress.com/2017/10/17/end-fed-half-wave-antennas/. Yes, with the recent surge in popularity of the end-fed half-wave antenna, the 49:1 balun has also become the defacto ratio for use with them. The key to end fed antenna success is the matching network interface between the long wire antenna and the coax feed line and feed line choke at the transceiver. Designed for use with single wire unbalanced antennas, this new addition is small, compact and perfect for quick portable/emergency installations. InJack's own words. 40-30-20-15m bands for my 4 band Elecraft K1 qrp rig. For instance, to work 40m be sure the antenna is at least However, the list has been revised and is good for wires as long as 500 feet. About Hamuniverse Midi Music Wire lengths for the 4:1 ratio in models 4932 and 4935. /Type /Page wire is at least 1/4 wavelength. FCC Information This design is excellent for matching both long and short length wire antennas for multiband use. Just a note, if you make one of these yourself, you need to twist together the first two wraps of the 14 winding wire with both wraps of the two winding wire. Continue on winding the long wire through the toroid to complete loops 3 through 14 as shown in the schematic below. So after much frustration..down it comes and you go on to a totally different type of antenna.all that time just wasted inyour opinion..until now! stream
End Fed Half Wave Antenna Coupler Schematic - 7-30MHz. For calculating the length of a half wave in metres, I use 141 (MHz) for wire elements. First, it is important to understand the difference between the end fed half wave and a random wire (or "long wire") antenna: the random wire is just a piece of wire that is matched to 50 Ohm impedance using an antenna coupler, sometimes adding a 9:1 unun. BUILD INSTRUCTIONS FOR 49:1 UNUN IMPEDEDENCE TRANSFORMER: WX1MAR and I brought the DIY 49:1 unun with a borrowed antenna radiator wire cut for 20M half-wavelength to Ashland State Park K-2417 in Massachusetts for a Parks-on-the-Air (POTA) activation. I sent him the link to the 49:1 unit to get his feedback. http://udel.edu/~mm/ham/randomWire/. The WSPR map is so dense it looks like the US and Europe are just big blobs of color. Jack, VE3EED - SK. u?X`f0&/Ri;W0Tn_*TX:ug endstream Vhf and Up You need to use these lengths and the longer ones . You can add your own wire or get the complete product from this link EFLW-3K antennas. I connected it to a 33 wire running from my balcony, through the trees, and ran WSPR overnight to check things out. tuner the colored bands below are the best lengths as long as your 1 0 obj
This is the latest and greatest transformer design for End Fed Half Wave (EFHW) antennas. 35. Solder a the 100pF capacitor between the center conductor wire and ground wires. In another life, I could have been a telephone engineer. used by hams for dipole lengths. We do not encourage any radio operations contrary to regulations. You can get good loading and low swr on sometimes 2 or 3 bands, but one or more of the bands thatyou want, just will not cooperate with an swr that can be adjusted with the "tuner". Part List: << The transformer usually used with an end fed wire is a 9:1 transformer. When you're 1/2w long you're around 2k ohms or more where the balun won't under or over xform; as you approach 3/4w your z is going to drop to where a coax match can be made just by soldering the wire to the center conductor sans balun - more or less the principle of the windom and ocf dipole. Several ways exist to bring the wire's high impedance feedpoint closer to the desired 50 ohms, including use of a 49:1 or 64:1 unun, which eliminates the need . Repeater Basics hbbd```b``^ "Cs;D2 I*`0D;+EVUHy`qml0{YVw`b0i
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20/40/17m. Hertz Antenna" shows in line 2 of the table that a similarly installed This is a 4:1 Current Balun.That means it can match a 200ohm antenna to a 50 feed line. JC[
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a@G`' zxUHXW&`}mEp`?i0 oE:N0-/t"t.-? (A t0 B) Fold over 6 to 8 inches and twist it together. A VSWR sweep of the unun after adding a 100pF capacitor shows an SWR <5:1 from 160M to 10M. Box cutter (for scraping enamel off of wire ends), (Helpful) Step drill bit for SO-239 connector, Paracord (for simulating and measuring lengths of windings on toroid), Antenna analyzer for HF frequencies (I use the RigExpert Zoom AA-55), Resistor(s) totaling about 3000 ohms (I used 1K and 2K ohm resistors in series). Building on the original 1:1 design by Dr. Jerry Sevick, this balun has two (2) cores in a stacked Model 49131 - 49:1 - 80-10m EFHW - Up to 1kW, Decrease Quantity of Model 49131 - 49:1 - 80-10m EFHW - Up to 1kW, Increase Quantity of Model 49131 - 49:1 - 80-10m EFHW - Up to 1kW. Usually any wire length that is non resonant, like those shown above, will work with the 4:1 ratio. 2 0 obj
Upon further research, I remade it tightly twisting those two separate wires together, just as it shows in archjeb's picture, and it worked surprisingly well. endobj 9:1 UnUn End Fed Long Wire Lengths - Pretty Simple. The beauty of the halfwave antenna is it's a complete antenna in the sense it needs no counterpoise. google_ad_client = "ca-pub-9377297764300878"; good show chuck, you said ya picked up a 430, did i tell i fried the 0ne i got from you, can anyone point me in the direction of a 2 pill schem for the HG 2879? Typically unbalanced = 50/75 ohms too unbalanced = 450/675 ohms. Palomar Engineers employs a dual core matching system that offers wide bandwidth (1-61 MHz), 500 watt PEP rating, and a connection for a counterpoise or ground if desired. %PDF-1.7
For example a 32 foot length is actually a half wave on 20m with an impedance of about 3500 ohms and requires a 50:1 balun. Allows the internal tuner of most rigs to tune remotely mounted single wire antennas. stream
The WorldwideDX Radio Forum was originally established in 2001. hb```YloD@(aKI V!}g@~}%Q/[[~_=Wy-:O)x[~hs/~SGeG _QE C6q %r Drill a hole in one side for the antenna radiator wire mount (for a #8 bolt in my build). In total 29 contacts were made from British Columbia to Texas to Florida in 40 minutes on 20M. 27.00 (27.00/Unit) Free Postage. The goal of the impedance transformer is match the 50 ohm impedance of the feedline (coaxial cable) with the potential 3000 to 4000 ohm impedance expected from an end-fed half wave antenna wire radiator. Repeater Builders %PDF-1.5
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Let's have a look at a few details on how to build a 49:1 impedance . RFI Tips and Tricks these are the worst lengths and you want to be as far from colored (wlSR9dJ_x%+VHX4FRr 3>;g^x%g'wkJu,i~#Q"2|WGf[!_m]#&1$)R.{--" 'dGO;=_B$T}". 4 0 obj
The following wire connections do not need to be made in the order I described. 6 Screws/ Nuts/ Washers/Wing Nuts And Ring Connectors, 1 X Mica Capacitors 100pF 500V 5%(Mouser Electronics), 1 x 4 in. I'm consistently pleased with the quality and ease of use of Balun Designs products and look forward to my next purchase in the future. When you're antenna (or radial) length's an odd multiple of the operating freq, you may not need a balun or even a transmatch. They just saved you and I loads of time and frustration. HF & Shortwave q Wire-Lengths-for-9-1-ununs.pdf Created Date: 12/12/2022 11:20:42 AM . This was 9m vertically metres up a fishing pole and then about 5.8m out. Random wire lengths you should and should not use! It may not display this or other websites correctly. 9:1 or 49:1 unun for end-fed long/random wire? Figure 2 Schematic of the 9:1 voltage unun . Re: 9:1 or 49:1 unun for end-fed long/random wire? Clansman End Fed Long Wire Antenna Used. Enclosure Height: 5.000 in. The fewer bands, the fewer high impedance regions to avoid. Connect this ring terminal to one of the SO239 chassis bolts. 3 to31 MHz - up to 1kW intermittent (50% duty cycle). Vacation Closure - See Homepage for Next Availability. 4 0 obj This article explains why the use of mix 43 for HF applications is almost always a mistake. << Thank you so much for such a great product!